Conormal spaces, Gauss mappings, limits of tangents (and everything) in a rigid real time setting
Whitney regularity conditions are given in terms of limits of tangents and of secants, while Verdier regularity also involves limits of tangents. In the complex analytic world, Verdier regularity for a pair of strata (Y,Z) is equivalent to a condition on the fibres of a certain mapping (Henry-Merle, Teissier, Le-Teissier). From the complex projective point of view, a corollary of Zak's theorem on the tangent and secant varieties states for any irreducible algebraic projective variety X: the dimension of the singular set of X is at least the corank of the projective Gauss mapping of X minus one. In a very informal manner this means that if there is not much limits of tangent spaces at the singular set, then the singular set must be large.
I would like to address similar questions in the context of o-minimal geometries in an affine situation. Another way to look at this is in asking the following questions: 1 - Given a connected and enough differentiable and definable submanifold, what is the geometry of its boundary ? More simply how large is a the singular locus ? 2 - For a large class of functions I will prove such a result about the critical locus of a singular level.