Periods, Power Series, and Integrated Algebraic Numbers
Periods are defined as integrals of semialgebraic functions defined over the rationals.
Periods form a countable ring not much is known about. Examples are given by
taking the antiderivative of a power series which is algebraic over the polynomial ring over
the rationals and evaluate it at a rational number. We follow this path and close these algebraic
power series under taking iterated antiderivatives and nearby algebraic and geometric
operations. We obtain a system of rings of power series whose coefficients form a countable
real closed field. Using techniques from o-minimality we are able to show that every period
belongs to this field. In the setting of o-minimality we define exponential integrated algebraic
numbers and show that exponential periods and the Euler constant are exponential
integrated algebraic number. Hence they are a good candiate for a natural number system
extending the period ring and containing important mathematical constants.